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Figure 1: Even a small rise in the housing-cost burden is linked to lower labour-force participation and worse living conditions, reinforcing housing as a labour-market constraint. Related article:

Figure 1: Higher housing costs are associated with weaker labour participation and wider social strain, especially overcrowding, housing deprivation, poverty risk and health pressure. Related articl

Figure 2:The wedge widens when household price perceptions diverge from official inflation. Related article: Perceived Inflation Is the New Test of Price

Figure 1: Perceived inflation broadly tracks CPI but reacts more sharply during major price shocks. Related article: Perceived Inflation Is the New Test of

Figure 1: Danish households exposed to negative deposit rates cut deposits sharply while estimated consumption rose after exposure. Related article:

Figure 1: Negative rates spread quickly across Denmark, reaching about one-third of individuals and two-thirds of deposits by late 2021. Related article:

Figure 1: Large youth cohorts become a dividend only when investment turns labour supply into employment growth. Related article: The New Labour Barga

Figure 1: The youth surge is shifting toward South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, making EMDE job creation a global labour-market issue. Related article:

Figure 2: Delivery shortfalls moved with freight and import-cost pressures, showing how scarcity and costs reinforced each other. Related article: Su

Figure 1: Supply-chain pressure surged before core inflation peaked, showing why logistics shocks can become delayed price pressure. Related article: Su

Figure 2: The model shows tightening causes a deeper investment fall than equal easing can reverse. Related articles: Asymmetric Monetary Policy an

Figure 1: Tightening cuts external financing more sharply as firms face more binding constraints. Related article: Asymmetric Monetary Policy and th

Figure 2: Transfers can slow decline in the oldest prefectures, but the gain comes with a visible reduction in Tokyo’s population share. Related Article:

Figure 1: Tokyo’s projected rise and the oldest prefectures’ decline show that Japan’s demographic crisis is also a spatial planning problem. Related Articles:

As the ECB tightening cycle advanced, combined swap-and-bond exposure became less negative, showing that hedging intensified when rate risk became visible. Related Articles:

EUR/USD moves more clearly with monetary-policy surprises than with direct exchange-rate remarks. Related Articles: Exchange Rate Communication

A global energy shock hits EU GDP harder because domestic demand and external demand weaken at the same time. Related Articles: The Global Energy Sho

The global shock creates a much larger inflation peak because energy costs spread into industry, services, and traded goods. Related Articles: The G

Over-delivery produces much larger short-rate responses, with the gap widest at the shortest maturities. Related Articles: Fed Communication Strat

Higher US tariffs raise the cooperation threshold only modestly, suggesting that cooperation among the remaining economies can endure. Related Articles: